CHAP. XLIV. V. 1, 2. Notes , 41:8-14. 43:1 -4.- Jesurun . (2) Notes , Deut . 32:15. 33:26.
As none can deliver the enemies of God out of his hand; so none can hinder him from effecting the deliverance of his friends. It is as easy for him to divide rivers and seas, and to destroy the legions which obstruct their path, as to quench the fire in tow.
But external miracles are as nothing compared with that great work and "mystery of godliness, God manifested in the flesh," "purchasing the church with his own blood." These "things the angels desire to look downinto." And all that remains to be done, in order to bring every believer to glory, to rescue sinners from the bondage of Satan, and to cause the heathen to rejoice in glorifying God our Savior, is little, compared with that work of incomprehensible love and power.
Let us then bless God for the waters which spring forth for us, in this barren wilderness, and let us endeavor to answer the end of our creation and redemption, by shewing forth his praises. But, alas! too many professed Christians love a cheap and easy religion: and are negligent or weary of every duty, and grudge all expense or trouble; nay, they they weary God by their iniquities and iniquities and rebellions. Indeed he may well expostulate with each of us.
We allow his service to be perfect freedom; that he has a right ight to all we have and are; and that he requires of us nothing, but for our own and each other's profit: yet often we neglect to || brooks; and these will dedicate themselves to
V. 3-5. Water is the emblem of the Holy Spirit. ( Notes , Ex . 17:5,6. John 4:10-15. 7:37 -39.) As water refreshes, enlivens, cleanses, and fructifies the earth; so do his influences the soul, which without them would remain destitute of good and of al' true consolation. ( Notes , 32:15-20. 41:17-20.) When any of the descendants of Israel, through revolving ages, thirst for spiritual blessings, this promise is ready in their scriptures for their direction and encouragement.
As a prediction it has been accomplished as often as true religion has been revived: but it seems particularly to predict the pouring out of the Spirit on, and immediately after, the day of Pentecost; and a still more glorious completion us completion may yet be expected, both in respect of Jews and Gentiles.
When desires are excited and fervent prayers offered, for "the pouring out of the Spirit" on any place, where the power of godliness has been little experienced and witnessed, the bl blessing may be expected; and converts will spring up as grass in well watered meadows, or as willows on the banks of rivers and Israel, and his Redeemer the LORD of a graven image that is profitable for hosts ; I am the First, and I am the Last; and beside me there is no god.
7 And "who, as I, shall call, and shall declare it, and set it in order for me, since 1 appointed the ancient people? and the things that are coming, and shall come, let them shew unto them.
8 Fear ye not, neither be afraid: have not I told thee from that time, and have declared it ? aye are even my witnesses. Is there a god beside me? yea, there is no *god: I know not any .
9They that make a graven image are all of them vanity; dand their delectable things shall not profit; and they are e their own witnesses: they see not, nor know; that they may be ashamed.
10 Who hath 'formed a god, or molten
г 24. 48:17.54:5,59:20. Jer. 50: 23-31. Heb. 12:1. 1 John 34. 1:2.
8 41:4. 48:12. Rev. 1:8,11,17,18. b See on 6.-45:5,6. 46:9. Deut.
2.8. 22:13.
4:35,39. 32:39. 1 Sam. 2:2. 2
Ps. 18:31.
Sam. 22:32. John 1:1. 10:30. Heb. rock. Deut. 32:4,31. с 41:24,29. Deut. 27:15. Ps. 97:7. Jer. 10:3-8,14,15. d 2:20,21. 37:18-20. 46:1,2,6,7. Judg. 10:14. 1 Kings 18:2640. Jer. 2:11,27,28, 14:22. 16: 19,20. Dan. 5:23. Hos. 8:46. Hab. 2:18-20. 1 Cor. 8:4. Heb. desirable. Dan. 11:38. e 18,20. 42:18. 43:8,9. 45:20. Ps. 115:8. 135:18. Rom. 1:22,23. 2 Cor. 4:4. Eph. 4:18. 5:8.
a 43:10,12. Ezra 1:2. 8:22. Dan. 2:28,47.3:16-28. 4:25. 5:23-f 1 Kings 12:28. Dan. 3:1,14. 30. 6:22. Acts 1:8. 14:15. 17:
Acts 19:26.
the Lord, as his servants and worshippers, setting their hands and seals to the new covenant of his grace, and joining themselves to his people, to walk in holy fellowship with them. (Note, Deut . 26:17-19.)-Some think, that the phrase, "subscribe with his hand unto the LORD," signifies bearing his name, as belonging to him: thus soldiers are said to have been marked in the hand with the name of their leader, slaves with that of their owner, and idolaters with that of their idol. ( Note , Rev. 13:13-17.)
V. 6-8. Israel's Redeemer and King, the everlasting JEHOVAH, and the only living and true God, here again challenges the idols and their worshippers to call forth, and to declare in order before him, a series of predictions similar to that which he had given and been accomplishing, since he appointed to the ancient inhabitants of the earth their several abodes; and to shew the things, which should come to pass immediately, or in distant periods.
By "the ancient people," or "the people of eternity," Israel seems to be meant, as the type of the elect, whom "God hath from the beginning chosen unto salvation." "He chose 'Abraham and his far family to be his peculiar speculiar peo'ple; over whom he hath all along exercised a 'particular providence; and hath from time to time foreshewed what should befal them, 'which accordingly hath come to pass.' Lowth .
Indeed a compendious history of that nation from the calling of Abraham to this day, (that is, for three thousand seven hundred years,) might be drawn up, without very material alterations, from the various prophecies concerning them contained in the scriptures. As then Israel had full proof, that their God alone could do such wonders, they ought not either VOL. IV.
nothing?
11 Behold, & all his fellows shall be ashamed: and the workmen, they are of men: let them all be gathered together, let them stand up; yet they shall fear, and they shall be ashamed together.
12 The smith with the tongs both worketh in the coals, and fashioneth it with hammers, and worketh it with the strength of his arms: yea, he is hungry, and his strength faileth; he drinketh no water, and is faint.
to worship idols, or to fear idolaters. They were witnesses for God, that he had from ancient times declared the events which had come to pass; and he appealed to them, whether there were any God beside him, or any other Rock, or Protector, who could defend them: for He, who knew all things, knew not any.Let any serious mind compare this decisive language, with the tenor of the New Testament concerning Jesus Christ; and he must perceive that it is necessary to admit the mystery of distinct persons in the Godhead, in order to reconcile them. (Marg. Ref. s, t, u.Notes, 9:6,7. 41:2-4. 43:8-13. Rev. 1:8-11. 2:8,9.)
V. 9-11. The subsequent passage contains the most keen reproof of idolatry, and even invective against it, that is any where extant. The makers of graven images must be very vanity and emptiness, when the objects of their supreme confidence and delight, formed by themselves, were utter's worthless: the very idols sufficiently bare witness to the folly and wickedness of their votaries; as it was evident, that they could neither see nor know any thing: and this should have rendered every intelligent being ashamed of worshipping a lifeless block for a deity. Indeed, all concerned in making or wor worshipping them, would at length be ashamed of their foll folly. The artists
themselves were "of Adam;" weak, dying men: how then could they confer power and divinity on their workmanship? Can a dying man make a living God? and though they should all gather together to support their cause, they would be intimidated and confounded before the God of Israel. ( Notes , Dan . 3: 5:1-9,1824. Hab . 2:18-20.)-The clause rendered "they are their own witnesses," may be trans[153
15 Then shall it be for a man to burn; for he will take thereof and warm himself; yea, he kindleth it , and baketh bread; yea, he maketh a god, and worshippeth it ; he maketh it a graven image, and falleth down thereto.
16 He burneth part thereof in the fire; with part thereof he eateth flesh; he roasteth roast, and is satisfied: yea, he warmeth himself , and saith, Aha, I am warm, I have seen the fire:
17 And the residue thereof he maketh a god, even his graven image: he falleth down unto it, and worshippeth it , and prayeth unto it, and saith, Deliver me; for thou art my god.
18 They have not known nor understood: for he hath shut their eyes, that
o See on 10.45:20. Judg. 2:19. 1 r 6:10. 29:10. Ps. 81:12. Matt.
lated, "they" (that is, the idols, the immediate antecedent,) are "witnesses to them."
V. 12-17. The process of image-making is here described, in order to expose the folly of idolaters. The smith exhausted his strength, and would not allow himself time for rest or refreshment, in cutting, hammering out, and fashioning his idol; which after all could not preserve him from fainting or perishing by hunger and thirst. The carpenter, in his way too, employed his strength and skill in forming an idol of wood, to set up in his house as the
19 And none considereth in his heart, neither is there knowledge nor understanding to say, I have burned part of it in the fire; yea, also I have baked bread upon the coals thereof; I have roasted flesh and eaten it : and shall I make the residue thereof an abomination? shall I fall down to the stock of a tree?
20 He feedeth on ashes: a deceived heart hath turned him aside, that he cannot deliver his soul, nor say, Is there not a lie in my right hand?
[Practical Observations.]
21 Remember these, O Jacob and
'I was of old the trunk of a fig-tree, a block of 'useless wood; when the carpenter, uncertain 'whether to make a bench or a Priapus, chose 'that I should be a god!' Horace . When therefore does it become a god? Behold it is 'cast, fashioned, and carved! It is not yet a 'god. It is sodered, put together, and set up! 'Neither is it yet a god.-Behold it is adorned, 'consecrated, and prayed to! then at length it 'is a god, when men have chosen and dedicat'ed it.' Minutius Felix.
V. 18. The effect is here mentioned, but the
object of his adoration; though it was as sense- agent is not assigned. Satan "blinds the minds
less as the meanest part of his furniture, and far more useless. In order to be prepared to serve his neighbors with this strange manufacture, he provided a large stock of several kinds of timber, selecting that which grew most strong and straight; and even planting ash-trees, and waiting their growth, for this purpose.
And when the boughs and chips, and other parts of it, had been used for fuel; he was so absurd, as to make his deity of the same log, to prostrate himself before it, and to pray unto it, saying, "Deliver me, for thou art my god!" That which warmed him and cooked his food, though the refuse, was useful; but that which made the image was good for nothing, nay, an abomination! ( Notes , 40:1820. 41:5-7. 46:5-9.
Jer. 10:3-11.)-We are not to conclude that all the idolaters were so stupid, as to terminate their adoration upon the lifeless image; for some of the heathen poets acutely derided the folly of those who did naturally led the un
So.
Yet the practice natur
of unbelievers" by means of their corrupt pas- sions, especially their enmity to the holy per- fections, truth, and worship of God: and his agency is one grand cause of those absurd reasonings, sentiments, and practices, dispar- aging to the human understanding, of which the most sensible men are capable in matters of religion. But he only acts, as permitted by God, who gives up obstinate transgressors to judicial blindness and obduracy, so that they cannot see nor understand.-'God hath, in his 'just judgment, given them up to a strange be- 'sottedness, so as, though they have both 'hearts and eyes, they cannot understand.' Bp . Hall . ( Notes , 6:9,10. 29:9-12. Ex . 4:21. Matt . 13:14,15. Rom . 1:24-32. 2 Thes . 2:8-12.) V. 19. 12-18. Notes , 46:1,2. Ps . 115:8. Jer.
10:12-15.
V. 20. Ashes would not only be nauseous and destitute of nutriment, if eaten as bread, but very prejudicial: thus idolatry, is not onl useless, but ruinous to the soul. ( Notes , Prov. 15:14. Hos . 12:1,2.) And whether men seek happiness in worldly things, or run into infidelity, superstition, pharisaism, enthusiasm, or any false system of religion, the case is similar; as they seek support to their souls from that, which indeed will prove the cause of their destruction. A heart, deceived by pride, love of sin and of the world, carnal self-love in every form, and alienation from God, turns men thus aside from him: and whilst the affections are depraved, a man cannot detect his own error, or deliver his own soul; but he holds the lie fast in his right hand, as his treasure, his wisdom, his protection. ( Notes , 28:14,
thinking multitude to adore the idol itself. And the invisible object, which a few conceived to be present present with it, and to be represented by it, was commonly as much the creature of their imagination, as the other was the work of their hands. In every way God was dishonored and robbed of his worship, and Satan was gratified as the object of their adoration. The history of popery shews, that similar effects have uniformly followed the use of images; whether as representing the saints and angels which the people invoke as mediators, or as representing the persons in the sacred Trinity. A heathen poet ludicrously puts these words into the mouth of an image. || 15,17-19.1 Kings 22:19-23. 2 Chr . 25:14-16.
a 41:8,9. 43:1,7,15.
b 49:15,16. Rom. 11:28,29. c 43:25. Neh. 4:5. Ps. 51:1,9. 109:14. Jer. 18:23. 33:8. Acts 3:19.
5:8-14. 12:12. 18:20. 19:1-6. g 26:15. 49:3. 60:21. Ez. 39:13. Eph. 1:6,7. 3:21. 2 Thes. 1: 10-12. 1 Pet. 4:11.
h 6. 43:14. 48:17. 49:7,26. 54:5,8. 59:20. 60:16.63:16. Ps. 78:35. Jer. 50:34. Rev. 5:9.
d Job 37:11. Lam. 3:42-44. e 1:27. 43:1. 48:20.51:11. 59:20, 21. Jer. 3:1,12-14. Hos. 14: 1-4. Luke 1:73,74. Acts 3: 18,19. 1 Cor. 6:20. Tit. 2:12 -14. 1 Pet. 1:18,19. 42:10-12. 49:13. 55:12,13. Ps. 69:34. 96:11,12. 98:7,8. Jer. 51:48. Luke 2:10-14. Rev. 16,17. Heb. 1:2,10-12.
i 2. 43:1,7. 46:3,4. 49:1. Job 31:15. Ps. 71:6. 139:13-16. k 40:22. 42:5.45:12. 48:13. 51:13. Job 9:8. 26:7. Ps. 104:2. Jer. 51:15.
1 John 1:3. Eph. 3:9. Col. 1:
V. 21. Marg . Ref . I have formed thee , &c.] Notes, 19:23-25.29:22-24. 46:5-9. Ps . 100: 3. Eph . 2:4-10, υυ . 8-10.
V. 22. ( Notes , 43:22-28.) God had repeatedly pardoned the sins of Israel. When their transgressions impended over them, as a threatening storm, apparently about to burst in vengeance on their heads, he had scattered them as the wind disperses the black clouds: and therefore they should be encouraged to return to him as their Redeemer. This seems especially to refer to the case of the Jews, during the captivity, and in their present dispersion; and it implies a promise of pardon and deliverance, as well as an exhortation to repentance.
Ja that redemption, of which the deliverances of Israel were types, provision is made for the free and full pardon of all that believe; and the proclamation of this by the gospel excites and encourages sinners to return to God. But it would be absurd to argue, from the arrangement of a single sentence, contrary to the whole tenor of scripture, that actual forgiveness precedes repentance. ( Notes , Luke 24:45-49, v. 47. Acts 3:19-21, v. 19. 13: 38-41.)
V. 23. 'An apostrophe to the whole creation, 'to join in praising God for his wonderful mer'cies; which shews that they are such, as all 'the world are some way concerned in: and 'such are only the mercies of the gospel, for 'which the earth ought to rejoice; because 'the benefits are extended to all mankind; and 'the angels in heaven will sympathize with 'men below, because they joy in the conver'sion and salvation of mankind, and in their 'being re-united to that blessed society, of 'which Christ is the Head. Lowth. (Notes, 35: 1,2. 42:10-12. Ps . 96:11-13. 97:3-9.98:7-9.) -The future restoration of Israel, as a nation, seems also predicted, with that bringing in "the fulness of the Gentiles," which will accompany or follow it. The deliverance from
25 That frustrateth the tokens of the liars, and "maketh diviners mad; that * turneth wise men backward, and maketh their knowledge foolish;
26 That Pconfirmeth the word of his servant, and performeth the counsel of his messengers; 4 that saith to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be inhabited; and to the cities of Judah, Ye shall be built, and I will raise up the * decayed places thereof;
27 That saith to the deep, Be dry, and I will dry up thy rivers;
28 That saith of Cyrus, He is "my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure: even saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be built; and to the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid.
m 47:12-14. 1 Kings 22:11,12, 22-25,37. Jer. 27:9,10. 28:9 -17.50:36.
n Ex. 9:11. Dan. 1:20. 2:10- 12.4:7.5:6-8.
ο 19:11-14. 29:14. 2 Sam. 15: 31. 16:23. 17:23. Job 5:12-14. Ps. 33:10. Jer. 49:7.51:57. 1 Cor. 1:20-27. 3:19,20.
p 42:9. Ex. 11:4-6. 12:29,30. 1 Kings 13:35. 18:36-38. Ez. 38:17. Zech. 1:6. Matt. 26:56. Luke 24:44. Acts 2: 25-28.2 Pet. 1:19-21.
q 54:3,11,12. 60:10. Ezra 2:70. Ps. 102:13-16 147:2, Jer. 30:
18. 31:4,38-40. 33:7. Ez. 36: 33-36. Dan. 9:25. Zech. 2: 4. 12:6. 14:10,11. г 58:12. Neh. 1:3. 2:3. 3:1,&c. Am. 9:14.
Heb. wastes. 61:4. Ez. 36: 10., 11:15,16. 42:15. 43:16. 51:15. Ps. 74:15. Jer. 50:38. 51:32,36. Rev. 16:12.
t 41:25. 45:1,3. 46:11. 48:14,15. Dan. 10:1.
u 63:11. Ps. 78:71,72. x 2 Chr. 36:22,23. Ezra 1:1- 3. 6:3,&c.
Babylon was merely a shadow of the redemption here foretold.
V.24. Marg. Ref . By myself . ] The apostle says, that "God created all things by JESUS CHRIST:" "By whom also he made the worlds." ( Notes , John 1:1-3. Eph . 3:9-12. Heb . 1:1,2.)
V. 25-28. The God of Israel had often confounded the magicians and wise counsellors of his enemies: and in this case he determined to frustrate the expectations of all the Chaldean soothsayers and diviners; to prove them liars, and absolutely to infatuate them. ( Notes , 19:11-14. 47:11-15.
Jer. 50:35,36. 1 Cor. 1:20-31. 3:18-23.) He would expose the folly of all their wise men, when they could not read the hand-writing to Belshazzar, nor detect Cyrus's device to take Babylon: and he would equally shame the politicians, when it was proved that they had used no suitable or effectual means of defence against the besiegers. ( Notes , Dan . 5:5-9,25-28.) At the same time he confirmed the word of his servant Isaiah, and performed every thing according to the information given by his messengers, the prophets, in bringing these events to pass. ( Notes , 42:1-4.) - It should especially be noticed, that when this prophecy was delivered, Jerusalem and Judah were inhabited and at peace, and the temple was recently purified, and regularly frequented as the holy sanctuary of God.
Yet it was intimated that the city and temple would be destroyed to the foundations; (which took place about a hundred and twenty years afterwards;) and that they should be rebuilt by orders from Cyrus, which happened about a hundred and seventy years after. ( Note , 64:9-12.) Cyrus, (the only man, except Josiah, predicted by name much above a hundred years before his birth, Notes , 1 Kings 13:2, 2 Kings 23:15-20.) was appointed to act as shepherd over the Lord's scattered flock. The promise, that Jerusalem should be inhabited, was to be fulfilled, by Cyrus_giv
ing orders for its being rebuilt, and the foun-||Satan so blinds the hearts of men, that they dations of the temple laid: and the founda- generally neglect and despise these blessings, tions were accordingly laid in his time, though for the sake of some senseless idolatry, worth
it was not built till some time afterwards! (Noies, Ezra 3:7-13. 4:3-6,17-24.)-The manner in which Babylon was taken was also foretold: the wide and deep river Euphrates, that ran through the city, was emptied into a vast lake, which had been prepared by the kings of Babylon to receive its superfluous waters; and Cyrus marched his army into the city by the channel of the river. Probably this prophecy, shewn by Daniel to Cyrus, hastened the deliverance of the Jews. ( Notes , 45: 1-6. Ezra 1 : 1-4.)
PRACTICAL OBSERVATIONS.
V. 1-5.
When the greater part of any church is become totally corrupt, and ripe for divine vengeance; there may yet be a few of another character: warnings and calamities may likewise bring a remnant to repentance, and encouragement_must be given to them. For, however the Lord may deal with atrocious offenders, he will always have a company of chosen servants, who will hear his call and obey his voice. Having formed them to be upright in heart, he unites towards them the love of a Creator, and of a Redeemer; and he would have them discard those dejecting fears, which are often excited by his denunciations
less form, or base iniquity. - We -We may well be amazed at the absur absurdity of those those unnumbered millions, who have worshipped "wood and stone, the work of men's hands," to the disgrace of their reason and understanding. Yet we should also be humbled; as we are equally capable of the same folly, though the blessed light of revelation has preserved most of us from the grosser effects of this propensity.
But what multitudes are there, even among protestant Christians in Britain, whose characters and lives are vanity; whose "delectable things cannot profit;" and whose grovelling pursuits, polluting pleasures, and childish amusements, bear witness against them, and should cover them with shame! What numbers, whose religious principles and observances can no more abide scrutiny, or stand the test of scripture, or common sense, than those of the poor pagans!
The object of their worship is an imaginary being; and they think of God, and behave towards him, as if he were altogether such a one as themselves: ( Note , Ps . 50:16-21.) nay, they expect him to reward, with eternal felicity, such services as they would disdain, if imitated by any of their domestics: a mere lip-labor, slovenly performed, belying the sentiments, and covering the en
of wrath against hypocrites. To whatever re-mity, of their hearts!-But sometimes men
gions Providence may lead them, his grace shall refresh their thirsty souls, and cause them to flourish as a watered garden. The blessed influences of the Spirit render the barren desert, and the dry ground, a fruitful field.
May our souls, our families, our congregations, our land, and all the nations of the earth be abundantly replenished with it! then shall we abound in the fruits of righteousness, and believers will be daily added to the Lord. -He is ever ready to receive the sinner to mercy, and into his service; and nothing can hinder our being "his people, and he our God," except our own proud and carnal unwillingness.
But when his Spirit is poured out on any congregation or company, which was before formal and lifeless; one and another continually springs up, and comes forth, to profess his acceptance of the Savior and subjection to him: this tends to enliven others, and a blessed change is soon perceived.
It behoves those, who have learned to hope in the mercy of God, and to love his pleasant ways, to make an open profession of their faith and willing devotedness to his service; solemnly to ratify the new covenant of his grace, and to avow their purpose of cleaving to him stedfastly; to join themselves to his people; to put them selves under the care of such "as watch for their souls," and to seek the benefit of brotherly inspection and admonition.
The Lord's supper, when properly administered and received, is suited to answer these ends: and new converts should not be slack in thus "subscribing with their hands unto the LORD, and surnaming themselves by the name of Israel."
V. 6-20.
will even weary and deny themselves more in a false religion, than would be necessary in the service of God. Many of us likewise can remember a time, when we more abridged ourselves of rest and refreshment, in following our own humors and pleasures; than we now willingly do for the glory of God, and in attending on his ordinances.
Indeed the earnestness, assiduity, perseverance, and selfdenial of worldly or superstitious men, may put believers to shame; when they consider how far they are surpassed by those, who act from motives so immensely inferior, and for such worthless acquisitions. ( Notes , Luke 16: 1-8. P. 0. 1-12.
Note , 1 Cor . 9:24-27.) The absurdity and madness of man can never be accounted for; except we advert to the power of Satan to shut his eyes and his heart, that he cannot know nor understand; and recollect that the Lord often sends men "strong delusions to believe a lie," because they hate the truth through love of sin. In this way they are brought "to feed upon ashes;" their deceived hearts turn them aside from truth and holiness: and they are so fettered by their lusts, that they cannot deliver their souls, nor discover that they are holding fast a lie in their right hand.
It is awful to think how many are in this situation: they make an evident error their first principle of activity, and will neither be convinced, nor persuaded to doubt of the truth of their favorite mistake: they cling to it most closely when most alarmed, and grasp it fast in the hour of death, and go into eternity with it in their right hand. Oh, may we remember these things, and take care not to provoke God, by sinning in defiance of conviction, to give us up to be thus blinded and deceived!
Let us pray for the illuminating and renewing influences of his Holy Spirit, that we may be formed to be his servants; and that he would give us "the love of the truth, that we may be saved;" and thus secure us from every delusion, and assure us that we shall never be forgotten by him. forgotten V. 21-28.
Who can presume to compare himself with Israel's Redeemer and King? He is "the First and the Last;" he alone calls, and declares, and appoints, and orders every thing with absolute authority: his majesty and mercy are alike unrivalled: and, "beside him," none is entitled to our worship, or deserving of our confidence. As "God is in Christ reconciling the world unto himself," sinners coming "to God by him," may be happy in his favor, rich by The manifold transgressions of all men, as his bounty, and safe under his protection: but || fallen children of Adam, were risen or rising